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This is because the impact force of these objects stays concentrated in a relatively small area, allowing them to puncture the fiber layers of most bullet-resistant fabrics. Vests designed for bullets offer little protection against blows from sharp implements, such as knives, arrows or ice picks, or from bullets manufactured of non-deformable materials, i.e., those containing a steel core instead of lead. Vest specifications will typically include both penetration resistance requirements and limits on the amount of impact energy that is delivered to the body. Even without penetration, modern pistol bullets contain enough energy to cause blunt force trauma under the impact point. While a vest can prevent bullet penetration, the vest and wearer still absorb the bullet's energy. Some layers may be penetrated but as the bullet deforms, the energy is absorbed by a larger and larger fiber area. The vest absorbs the energy from the deforming bullet, bringing it to a stop before it can completely penetrate the textile matrix. 10.2 Textile wovens and laminates researchīallistic vests use layers of very strong fiber to "catch" and deform a bullet, mushrooming it into a dish shape, and spreading its force over a larger portion of the vest fiber.9 Vest sizing, carriers and encapsulation.8.3 Combination stab and ballistic vests.8.2 Knife standards developed by HOSDB-Stab and Slash.
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8 Stab armor and combination stab-ballistic armor.6.1 Armor Piercing Ammunition Core Hardness and Protection.5 Backing materials for stab armor testing.4 Backing materials for ballistic testing.3.2 Military testing: fragment ballistics.George Emery Goodfellow and Kazimierz Żegleń 2.2.2 Ned Kelly's Ploughboard Ballistic Suit.Vests intended for police and military use may also include ballistic shoulder and side protection armor components, and bomb disposal officers wear heavy armor and helmets with face visors and spine protection. Modern body armor may combine a ballistic vest with other items of protective clothing, such as a combat helmet. Soft vests are commonly worn by police forces, private citizens, security guards, and bodyguards, whereas hard-plate reinforced vests are mainly worn by combat soldiers, police tactical units, and hostage rescue teams. Metal or ceramic plates can be used with a soft vest, providing additional protection from rifle rounds, and metallic components or tightly woven fiber layers can give soft armor resistance to stab and slash attacks from knives and similar close-quarter weapons. Soft vests are made from many layers of woven or laminated fibers and can be capable of protecting the wearer from small-caliber handgun and shotgun projectiles, and small fragments from explosives such as hand grenades. Army soldiersĪ ballistic vest, bulletproof vest or bullet-resistant vest is an item of personal armor that helps absorb the impact from firearm-fired projectiles and shrapnel from explosions, and is worn on the torso. The Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV) in Universal Camouflage Pattern, is issued to U.S.